class basis constructors/destructors

🏗️ Class-Based Constructors and Destructors in C++

Constructors and destructors are key components of object-oriented programming in C++. They help manage the lifecycle of class objects by initializing and cleaning up resources automatically.

📘 What is a Constructor?

A constructor is a special class function automatically invoked when an object is created. It has the same name as the class and no return type. Constructors are used to initialize object members.

💣 What is a Destructor?

A destructor is called automatically when an object goes out of scope or is deleted. It’s used to release resources like memory, files, or connections. A destructor's name is preceded by a tilde (~).

📄 C++ Example: Constructor and Destructor

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class MyClass {
public:
    MyClass() {
        cout << "Constructor: Object created" << endl;
    }

    ~MyClass() {
        cout << "Destructor: Object destroyed" << endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    MyClass obj; // Constructor is called
    cout << "Inside main function" << endl;
    return 0; // Destructor is called here
}
    

📝 Sample Output

Constructor: Object created
Inside main function
Destructor: Object destroyed

🧠 Key Points

• Constructors are used to initialize class objects.
• Destructors handle object cleanup automatically.
• Only one destructor is allowed per class.
• Constructors can be overloaded, but destructors cannot.

By using constructors and destructors, your code becomes more efficient, readable, and memory-safe. This forms the foundation of object-oriented programming in C++.